Computer Network HANDWRITTEN + STUDY NOTES PDF

Unit -1
Introduction to computer networks & their uses, Different topologies, ISO-OSI model: Layered Architecture, Peer-to-Peer processes and encapsulation, Function and Services of OSI layers; The Physical layer: Digital Signals, Transmission Impairments and Maximum data rate of a channel, Shennons theorem, Nyquist theorem. Transmission media: Guided and Unguided media, Circuit, Packet and Message switching, virtual Circuit. Introduction to ISDN & its components.

Unit -2
2 The data link layer: Design issues & function, Error detection & correction, Forward error correction Versus Retransmission, Hamming code & CRC codes, Framing: Fixed size and Variable size Frame, Bit stuffing and Byte stuffing. Data link layer protocols: Simplest, Stop and Wait, Sliding window protocols, PPP, SLIP, HDLC. The medium access sublayer: Static and Dynamic Channel Allocation, Protocols: ALOHA Protocol, CSMA (CSMA/CD, CSMA/CA), Collision Free Protocol- Bit Map

Unit -3
IEEE 802 standards for LANs (IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.4, IEEE 802.5), LAN Devices: HUB, Switches- Learning, Cut-Through and store and forward switches, Bridges: IEEE 802.x to IEEE 802.y, Spanning Tree, Remote Bridge. Internetworking Devices: Routers & gateways. The network layer: Design issues and functions, Internal organization (Virtual Circuit & Datagrams).

Unit -4
4 Routing algorithms: Shortest path routing, Flooding, LSR, Distance Vector Routing, Hierarchical Routing. Introduction to TCP/IP Protocol stack: Protocol Architecture, Classful IP addressing, ARP, RARP, IP Datagrams with options and its delivery, ICMP.

Unit -5
Subnet, Supernet, CIDR. Transport Layer: Congestion control, Load Shedding, Jitter control, addressing and multiplexing, Connection establishment and connection release, flow control. Application layer: Introduction to DNS and Email.